Telegraphy



(No Model.)

W. MAVEB, Jr.

TBLEGRAPHY.

PatentedSept. 22, 1885.

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VILLIAM MAVER, JR., OF JERSEY CITY, NE\V JERSEY.

TELEGRAPHY.

EDECIFICATEON forming part of Letters Patent No. 326,880, dated September 22, 1885.

(No 1n cdr-l To @ZZ whom, il; may concern:

Be it known that I, W'ILLIAM MAVER, Jr., a citizen of the United States,residing in Jersey City. in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements ir. Telegraphy, of which the. following is a specification.

The invention relates to the organization of the transmitting apparatus and circuits employed in multiple and other telegraph systenis.

The object of the invention is to provide means for obtaining from two sources of electricity or from a single generator grounded at its central point currents of differentstrengths and different polarities in such manner that any required number of otherwise independent systems may be operated thereby.

The invention consists, generally, in organizing the apparatus at a telegraph-station in Substantially the following manner: Two generators or batteries or a single generator having its centralpoint connected with the earth is employed as the source of electricity. For convenience ot' description, however, reference will be had to two batteries. These have their opposite poles respectively connected with suitable pole-changing keys. These are employed for transmitting either positive or negative currents to the main lines of the respective systems. Each system is provided with a transmitting` key or keys adapted to substitute for the connection of the corresponding main line a connection with a point intermediate between the poles ot' that battery-that is to say, with a point of lower potential.

The accompanying drawing is a diagram illustrating the organization of the apparatus.

Referring to the drawing, O and O2 represent two sources of electricity, whether batteries or dynamo-electric generators. One polesay, the negative-oi the battery O is connected with the earth at G by the conductors 1 and 3. The opposite pole-that is to say, the positive--ot` the battery O2, is also connected with the earth through conductors 2 and 3. The positive pole of the battery O is connected by a conductor, 4, with a contactpoint, b, of a key, K', which will be hereinafter described, and by conductors 5 and 6 with the corresponding contact-point b' ot the keys K2 and K3. The negative-pole of the battery O'l is connected by conductors 19, 20, and 21, respectively, with the levers k2 of the keys K, I, and K, respectively.

The keys K', K2, and K3 each consists of a lever, lr, carrying at its extremity two contactpoints, k' and which arcinsulated from each other. The end ot' the lever plays between two contact-arms or springs, c and ci. Vhen the key is at rest, the contact k rests against the arm c and presses it away from a restingstop, d. At the saine time the arm c2 rests against the stop b2. `\Vlien, however, thekeylever is depressed or actuated, then the arm c2 is raised from the stop b2, and the arm c is permitted to make contact with its stop b. The arm c ot' each key is connected by conductors 7, 8, and 9, respectively,with the iront contact-storno', ot'a corresponding pole-changing key, lt', while the arm c"Z is connected by conductors 10, 11, and 12, respectively, with the back stops, ci, of the saine keys. The stop If ofthe keys K, K2, and K are respectively connected by conductors 13, 14, and 15 with the point o2 intermediate between the poles ot1 the battery Oi. The contact-points are in like manner connected by conductors 16, 17, and 18 with an intern'iediate point, o', ot' the battery O. The points k2 are respectively connected with the negative pole of the battery 02 by conductors 19,20,and 21. Vhen, therefore, the two keys of any system are at rest, as shown with reference to the keys K and R, the circuit-connections are as follows: The positive pole of thebattery Ois connected with the point b; but at this point it is interrupted. The negative pole of the battery O2 is connected in like manner with the point k2, but at this point the circuit is interrupted. The point o ofthe battery O is connected with the point k, and through the arm c with the front contact-point,c,of the key R; but at this point the connection is interrupted. In like manner the point o2 of the battery O2 is connected with the point b2, and through the arm ai with the back contact-point, 02, of the key It. From this point the circuit is comline L'.

IOO

2 szeao ist with reference to the otherlines, L2 and L3, so long as the corresponding keys are at rest. When, now, it is desired to increase the strength of a current thus caused to traverse any line,it is necessary only to depress the key K', K2, or K3. Thus if the key Kzbe closed, as shown in the drawings, the connections of the point 02 will be interrupted at the stop b2,- but the conductor 20, leading from the negative pole of the battery Ow'ill be connected through the point k2 and the arm a2 with the back contact-stop,c2,of the transmitter R2, and thus with the main line. The full strength of the battery O2 will thus be applied to the line L2. The connections of the battery O will meantime be incomplete, for the reason that, although the arln a is placed in contact with the stop b', the lever r2 is away from the point c.

The keys R', R2, and Rsare employed for reversing the currents sent to line, and this is effected by merely causing the armature-lever r, r2, or r3 to move toward or away from its electro-magnet. Thus, while the connections are made, as just described, with the keys K? and R2, and the key Rz be operatedthe connections from the battery O2 will be interrupted and the connections of the battery O will be continued from the point c through the lever r2 with the main line L2. Thus a positive current of full strength will be sent to line. When the pole-changing key alone is actuated, as shown with reference to the key R3, then a positive current of reduced strength will be sent to line, the p oint o2 will be connected through the conductor 18, the

point 7c', and armature a of the key K3 withA the conductor 9, and thus through the stop c and lever r" of the key R3 with the main line L, l It will be seen thus that by the movements of the keys K', K2, K3, R', R?, and R3, whether individually or two or more simultaneously, each key will serve to transmit acurrent having a corresponding characteristic, and all these currents may be derived from the same set of batteries. This organization is especially useful at stations from which several main lines proceed.

The receiving-instruments are organized and connected with the main lines in the usual manner, and do not require detailed description.

It is preferred to construct the keys R', R2, and R3 so that they will interrupt one circuit before closing another-that is to say, they preferably are not continuity-preserving keys, for by interrupting the circuit there is less liability of short-circuiting the sources of electricity.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with a positive and a negative source of electricity, of a series of lines, transmitting devices, substantially such as described, conductors leading therefrom, whereby any or all of said lines may be connected with either of said sources', circuitchanging keys; and circuit-connections, substantially such as described, whereby the connections of any of said lines with one or the other of said sources may be changed from a point of a given potential to a point of different potential.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with a positive and a negative'source of electricity, of avseries of telegraphic main lines, a transmitter for each of said lines, conductors leading from each transmitter to points of different potentials in each source, whereby the connections of the corresponding line may be changed from apoint of highest to a point of lower potential, a second transmitter for each of said lines,and conductors leading therefrom, whereby the connections of the correspondingline may be changed from either source to the other.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with a positive and a negative source of electricity and a series of telegraphic main lines, of a series of transmitting-keys, one for each of said lines, each of which keys consists of a key-lever, two insulated points carried thereon, two contactlevers applied thereto, respectively, and two contact-stops applied to said contact-levers, respectively, conductors leading from one of said sources to a contact-stop of each key, conductors leading from the other source to one of the insulated points of each key, conductors leading from a point of lower potential in one source to the remaining insulated point of each key, conductors leading from a point of lower potential in the other source to one of the contact-stops of each key, apolechanging key applied to each of said main lines,and conductors leading from the respective contact-levers of 'each of the first-named keys to the corresponding pole-changing key.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 12th day of May, A. D. 1885.

WILLIAM MAvER, JR.

Vitnesses:

CAROLINE E. DAvInsoN, GHARLns A. TERRY.

ICG

IOS 

